TCP/IP Access Control refers to a modern security system where access control hardware (like door readers, control panels, and intercoms) communicates over a standard computer network using the TCP/IP protocol suite (the same foundation used for the internet and local office networks). This represents a significant evolution from older, traditional systems that relied on dedicated, closed wiring (like RS-485).
In a TCP/IP access control system, each major component has its own unique IP address on the network, just like a computer or printer.
Credential Presentation: A user presents their credential (key fob, card, smartphone, fingerprint) to a reader.
Network Communication: The reader, which is a network-enabled device, instantly transmits the credential data over the existing LAN/WAN/internet via TCP/IP to a central server or controller.
Server Decision: The software on the server verifies the credential against its database in real-time. It checks permissions, time schedules, and alarm states.
Command Relay: The server sends a command back over the network to the specific door controller or lock to either grant access (unlock the door) or deny access.
Logging & Monitoring: Every transaction is instantly logged on the server. Security personnel can see real-time events, monitor door status, and manage the system from any connected workstation or even remotely.
Networked Door Controllers: The "brains" at each door. They have an IP address and connect directly to the LAN via an Ethernet cable. They manage the lock, exit button, and door status sensor.
IP Readers: Advanced readers that connect directly to the network, often combining credential reading with a touchscreen interface.
Central Server & Software: The heart of the system. The software database runs on this server, managing all users, permissions, and event logs. It communicates with all controllers over the network.
PoE (Power over Ethernet): A critical feature. A single Ethernet (Cat5e/Cat6) cable can provide both power and data to controllers and readers, drastically simplifying installation and reducing wiring costs.
Web Client or Software Client: The interface for security operators to manage the system, often accessible from a web browser.
| Feature | Benefit |
|---|---|
| Scalability | Adding new doors is simple. Just run a network cable from the nearest switch to the new door controller. There are no hard limits on the number of devices, unlike older systems with bus architecture. |
| Ease of Installation | Utilizes existing IT infrastructure (network cabling, switches, routers). No need for expensive, dedicated wiring runs. PoE makes power provision simple. |
| Remote Management | System administrators can manage the entire system from any computer on the network, or securely from anywhere in the world via the internet. |
| Faster Communication | TCP/IP provides much higher data transfer speeds than traditional systems. This enables real-time event monitoring, instant lockdown commands, and faster door unlocks. |
| Integration | Easily integrates with other IP-based systems such as Video Surveillance (VMS), intrusion alarms, and visitor management systems. For example, you can pull up live video from a camera near a door the moment an access attempt is made. |
| Reliability & Redundancy | Network infrastructure is designed for high reliability. If a central server fails, modern controllers often have onboard memory to continue operating independently and will sync events once the server is back online. |
IT Infrastructure Dependency: The system relies on a stable and secure network. It requires coordination with the IT department.
Network Security: Devices must be secured on the network (e.g., VLANs, firewalls, strong passwords) to prevent cybersecurity threats.
Initial Cost: The hardware (IP controllers, readers) can have a higher upfront cost than simpler, standalone systems, though this is often offset by lower installation costs.
In summary, TCP/IP Access Control is the current industry standard for modern, scalable, and feature-rich security systems. It leverages existing network infrastructure to provide powerful, integrated, and remotely manageable access control for facilities of all sizes.
TCP/IP Access Control refers to a modern security system where access control hardware (like door readers, control panels, and intercoms) communicates over a standard computer network using the TCP/IP protocol suite (the same foundation used for the internet and local office networks). This represents a significant evolution from older, traditional systems that relied on dedicated, closed wiring (like RS-485).
In a TCP/IP access control system, each major component has its own unique IP address on the network, just like a computer or printer.
Credential Presentation: A user presents their credential (key fob, card, smartphone, fingerprint) to a reader.
Network Communication: The reader, which is a network-enabled device, instantly transmits the credential data over the existing LAN/WAN/internet via TCP/IP to a central server or controller.
Server Decision: The software on the server verifies the credential against its database in real-time. It checks permissions, time schedules, and alarm states.
Command Relay: The server sends a command back over the network to the specific door controller or lock to either grant access (unlock the door) or deny access.
Logging & Monitoring: Every transaction is instantly logged on the server. Security personnel can see real-time events, monitor door status, and manage the system from any connected workstation or even remotely.
Networked Door Controllers: The "brains" at each door. They have an IP address and connect directly to the LAN via an Ethernet cable. They manage the lock, exit button, and door status sensor.
IP Readers: Advanced readers that connect directly to the network, often combining credential reading with a touchscreen interface.
Central Server & Software: The heart of the system. The software database runs on this server, managing all users, permissions, and event logs. It communicates with all controllers over the network.
PoE (Power over Ethernet): A critical feature. A single Ethernet (Cat5e/Cat6) cable can provide both power and data to controllers and readers, drastically simplifying installation and reducing wiring costs.
Web Client or Software Client: The interface for security operators to manage the system, often accessible from a web browser.
| Feature | Benefit |
|---|---|
| Scalability | Adding new doors is simple. Just run a network cable from the nearest switch to the new door controller. There are no hard limits on the number of devices, unlike older systems with bus architecture. |
| Ease of Installation | Utilizes existing IT infrastructure (network cabling, switches, routers). No need for expensive, dedicated wiring runs. PoE makes power provision simple. |
| Remote Management | System administrators can manage the entire system from any computer on the network, or securely from anywhere in the world via the internet. |
| Faster Communication | TCP/IP provides much higher data transfer speeds than traditional systems. This enables real-time event monitoring, instant lockdown commands, and faster door unlocks. |
| Integration | Easily integrates with other IP-based systems such as Video Surveillance (VMS), intrusion alarms, and visitor management systems. For example, you can pull up live video from a camera near a door the moment an access attempt is made. |
| Reliability & Redundancy | Network infrastructure is designed for high reliability. If a central server fails, modern controllers often have onboard memory to continue operating independently and will sync events once the server is back online. |
IT Infrastructure Dependency: The system relies on a stable and secure network. It requires coordination with the IT department.
Network Security: Devices must be secured on the network (e.g., VLANs, firewalls, strong passwords) to prevent cybersecurity threats.
Initial Cost: The hardware (IP controllers, readers) can have a higher upfront cost than simpler, standalone systems, though this is often offset by lower installation costs.
In summary, TCP/IP Access Control is the current industry standard for modern, scalable, and feature-rich security systems. It leverages existing network infrastructure to provide powerful, integrated, and remotely manageable access control for facilities of all sizes.
